成考专升本英语阅读理解要点分析二

　　Passage 8

　　In 1889 all Paris admired the Eiffel Tower. It was the engineering wonder of the world. Alexandre Gustave Eiffel had completed his masterpiece in steel.

　　Steel as a building material was then still new. The 984-foot tower was a lacy network of girders （支架）。 There were thousands of steel pieces. Two and a half million rivets （铆钉） joined them.

　　From four corners， the legs of the tower slope inward. They rise to form a pointed top. Lifts carry visitors to three platforms at different heights. On a clear day， countryside sixty miles off is viewed from the top platform.

　　As Eiffel planned， his structure is a landmark of Paris. It is even higher today. A station later constructed for radio and television has added almost fifty feet to the original height of the tower.

　　1. The Eiffel Tower was completed in ______.

　　A. 1949 B. 1869 C. 1889 D. 1899

　　选项中一般有地点、人物和时间的题都比较容易。

　　答案：C

　　2. The tower bears the name of ______.

　　A. the main river of Paris B. a president of France

　　C. its builder D. None of the above

　　bear v 为人所知 过去式bore 过去分词borne.

　　Alexandre Gustave Eiffel 人物名

　　masterpiece 著作、代表作

　　答案：C

　　一般选项D不是正确选项。A、B、C至少有一个是正确选项。

　　3. The tower was an engineering wonder because of ______.

　　A. its sideways slant B. the use of steel

　　C. the use of glass D. its location

　　engineering wonder 工程奇迹

　　slant=slope 斜坡

　　sideways 一旁的， 向侧面的

　　答案：B

　　4. The article describes the tower as being ______.

　　A. lacy B. solid C. needlelike D. spidery

　　describe 描述

　　lacy 花边状的

　　solid 坚固的

　　needlelike 象针一般的

　　spidery 蜘蛛状的

　　答案：A

　　984-foot adj作定语修饰tower当有“-”联字符时，则foot用单数形式。

　　例如：a 3000-word composition 一篇3000字的文章

　　network 网状物

　　5. To reach the top platform， sightseers use ______.

　　A. lifts B. escalators

　　C. steel ladders D. spiral stairways

　　platform 平台

　　escalator 电动扶梯

　　ladder 梯子

　　spiral stairways 螺旋梯

　　答案：A

　　thousands of 成千上万的

　　inward 向里面地

　　slope 倾斜

　　rise vi 升起

　　landmark （航海）陆标， 地界标， 里程碑， 划时代的事

　　even 常用于比较级前，起修饰作用。

　　constructed for radio and television 过去分词短语作定语修饰主语station.

　　对于文章中的长难句，要进行语法和句法分析。

　　Passage 9

　　The people of Saskatoon wanted the 1971 Canada Winter Games to be held in their city. But they had a problem. Saskatoon has never been considered a good place to ski. For skiing， you need slopes. And Saskatoon sits in the middle of a prairie， a wide area of level land.

　　How do you think the people solved their problem？ They built a mountain from the ground up！ When finished， it stood 300 feet high. A T-bar was set up to take skiers to the top. From there they could ski down the quarter-mile main run or the 50-meter ski jump.

　　And so athletes from all over Canada went to Saskatoon to take part in the games. They swam. They played badminton and other indoor games. They boxed and wrestled. And they skied！

　　1. Saskatoon is a Canadian ______.

　　A. province B. city C. town D. county

　　答案：B

　　to be held in their city 动词不定式被动式作定语。

　　2. Saskatoon wasn't a good place to go skiing because the countryside was too ______.

　　A. flat B. rocky C. dry D. cold

　　level 平坦的

　　flat 平坦的

　　答案：A

　　3. The people built a mountain mainly because they ______.

　　A. thought it would make the area more beautiful

　　B. wanted to go mountain-climbing

　　C. hoped to teach their children to ski

　　D. needed slopes for the Winter Games

　　mountain-climbing 爬山

　　答案：D 此题根据原句用排除法比较容易。

　　4. The height of the finished mountain was ______.

　　A. 50 metres B. a quarter of a mile

　　C. 300 feet D. 30 rods

　　答案：C

　　5. Besides skiing， sports events at the Winter Games included______.

　　A. boxing and wrestling B. swimming and polo

　　C. boating and fishing D. baseball and soccer

　　bar 栏杆

　　set sth. up： 摆放或竖起某物。

　　main run 主要的滑雪道

　　ski jump 跳高滑雪

　　badminton 羽毛球

　　wrestle 摔交

　　polo 马球

　　baseball 棒球

　　soccer 足球（美）

　　take part in 参加

　　答案：A

　　set sth. up： 摆放或竖起某物。

　　eg. Police set up road-blocks on routes leading out of the city.

　　警方在通往城外的路上设置了路障。

　　答题技巧之一：当定位关键句时出现长难句时，可先对问题的选项进行分析，用排除法缩小选择范围，最后再根据原文意思进行判断、选择。

　　下次课内容：运用所学答题技巧预习 Passage 10 和 Passage 11.

　　Passage 10

　　The keyboard （键盘） of a typewriter refers to the set of keys in it. Most typewriters have “qwerty” keyboards. The name comes from the first six letters on the board's second line. The “qwerty” board was set up by C. L. Sholes， who was the first man to make a really good typewriter.

　　Some letters， such as S and T， are used together a great deal in English. Sholes placed such pairs of letter far apart on his keyboard. This made it harder for typists to learn the keyboard. But it helped keep typewriters from jamming. On early machines the bars holding the letters often caught on each other when moving quickly.

　　Sholes made the name of his machine easy to type. He placed on the same line all the letters of the word “type” and “writer”。

　　1. This article is mostly about a ______.

　　A. pair of letters B. keyboard

　　C. language D. man's life

　　解题关键是找文章的主旨句

　　一般开头第一句话是就是全文的主题句

　　typewriter 打字机

　　2. The “qwerty” board is named for the ______.

　　A. man who set it up

　　B. company that sold it

　　C. order of six of its letters

　　D. letters used the most in English

　　一般情况出现有关键词的关键句，则从下文中找

　　3. The “qwerty” was first set up ______.

　　A. with thirty-six letters B. in six lines

　　C. by C. L. Sholes D. All of the above

　　考试时明确找准包含答案的信息即可

　　4. Sholes put S and T far apart because ______.

　　A. he hoped to prevent jamming

　　B. they are seldom used together

　　C. neither is a vowel

　　D. there wasn't room for them together

　　一般在关键词出现的前后两三句找答案

　　keep from=prevent

　　vowel 元音

　　做题根据文章中出现的为准

　　5. The letters spelling typewriter are all in the ______.

　　A. same line

　　B. line beginning with “qwerty”

　　C. line with the numbers in it

　　D. Both A and B

　　如果有Both，All of above这样的选项要特别注意

　　非限制性定语从句

　　jam sth. （up） （使某物）因被卡住而不能动弹或发生故障

　　eg. The key turned halfway and then jammed.

　　钥匙转了一半就卡住了。

　　There's something jamming （up） the lock.

　　有什么东西把锁卡住了。

　　holding the letters 现在分词做定语

　　catch （sth.）in/on sth. 使（某物）固着、卡住、缠住、绊住或挂住某物

　　eg. Her dress caught on a nail. 她的衣服让钉子给钩住了。

　　He caught his foot on a tree root and stumbled.

　　他一只脚被树根绊住而跌倒了。

　　如果题目答案中有Both，All of above这样的选项要特别注意

　　Passage 11

　　The Amish are often called the “Plain people.” Their homes have no pictures on the walls， and no soft， comfortable furniture. The men wear dark trousers with white or blue shirts， and the women wear long dresses in dark colors. They ride in carriages pulled by horses.

　　The Amish have a saying： “The old way is the best way.” Although the Amish accept some new ideas - they use new medicines， for example - their way of life was not changed much in 300 years. They do not use electric lights， telephones or TVs.

　　Almost all Amish live on farms. They do not use modern machinery， yet their farms are successful because the Amish work hard and take good care of their land and animals. Their farms are always small. The Amish think it is wrong to have more land or more money than they need to live upon. A few years ago some Amish farmers discovered oil on their land. They immediately sold their land and moved away， without telling anyone about the oil.

　　The Amish will not buy insurance of any kind. When there is trouble， they help one another. If an Amish farmer gets sick， friends and neighbors will milk his cows and plant his fields. If a house burns down， as many as 200 men will come and build a new house in one day.

　　People are curious about the lives of the Amish. Every year thousands of people visit the part of Pennsylvania where most Amish live. Usually the Amish are not happy about the visitors. But they tolerate （容忍） them. Perhaps the Amish understand that the visitors want to experience， at least for a few days， the quieter， simpler Amish way of life.

　　1. The Amish are called the “Plain People” because they ______.

　　A. live on plains

　　B. live a simple life

　　C. do not like new ideas

　　D. do not care about their clothes

　　借助关键词找答案，在关键词出现的句子中或上下附近的句子中找

　　pulled by horses 过去分词短语做定语

　　2. Which of the following do the Amish use？

　　A. Electric light. B. New medicine.

　　C. Modern machinery. D. Oil.

　　先找关键词第一次出现的句子及上下句，看有没有包含答案的信息，如果没有

　　再找关键词第二次出现的句子

　　3. Some Amish farmers left their land after discovering oil on it because they ______.

　　A. didn't want to have more money than they needed.

　　B. found the land not suitable for farming any more

　　C. were afraid of getting into trouble

　　D. didn't need oil in their life

　　做题紧扣原文来排除，尽量不要做发散思维

　　4. From the passage we know that the Amish people ______.

　　A. want to be separated from one another

　　B. used to take no medicines when they got ill

　　C. believe in what they have been doing for 300 years

　　D. keep small farms because they are easier to manage

　　1、通读答案进行推测 2、通读每段的首句和末句，找包含答案的信息

　　答案：C

　　做题方法：先看选项，再读每段的首尾句，如类似则把该段细读

　　5. What can be inferred from the passage？

　　A. The Amish way of life is considered to be the best for Americans.

　　B. The coming of visitors greatly improves the life of the Amish people.

　　C. People wonder at the Amish way of life.

　　D. The Amish people are born to tolerate others.

　　先看答案，再读每段首末句，找出文章的主旨句

　　下次课内容：

　　passage 12 passage 13

　　Passage 12

　　Take a deep breath and spend a week with the Lee family in Minneapolis. The three older Children - Anna， 12， Nathan， 9， and Kristian， 7 - play one sport or another almost all year round. （Lisa is only 1 so she gets a break here.） Anna's practicing football， volleyball， basketball and softball. Nathan and Kristian do them all except volleyball. In the summer， add on tennis and swim lessons.

　　All of this means that dad， Darwin， a teacher， and mom， Joann， a nurse， spend a lot of time making sure everyone gets where he needs to be. Family dinners？ Forget about it. A busy family timetable， says Barbara Carlson， a school teacher， has become the new thing that shows your status （地位）。 “It used to be a house or car，” says Carlson， “Now you say， `you're busy？ You should see how busy we are.'”

　　In hope of getting their children into Harvard， many parents send their children to violin lessons at 3 and sign them up for tennis as soon as they're big enough to hold a bat. And that's just the warm-up. The real serious task begins as soon as they start school. Mr. Moffat， father of a nine-year-old boy， said， “it's important for children to learn honour and responsibility（责任），”he says. “It builds discipline（纪律性）and character.”

　　Maybe， but scientists say that too many outside activities destroy something children need even more-time to connect with their family members. Professor William J. Doherty， a University of Minnesota professor of family social science says that if parents and children don't make time for each other， there will be problems. He says， “Parents are so eager to develop the children in every possible way that raising children becomes like product development.”

　　1. Which child of the Lee family has more activities than the others？

　　A. Nathan. B. Kristian.

　　C. Anna. D. Lisa.

　　2. Which of the following is TRUE of the Lee family？

　　A. A busy timetable is something new.

　　B. The children are taken wherever they want to go.

　　C. Lisa is free because she only has one activity.

　　D. It is difficult to have a family dinner.

　　先通读选项，再读每段首尾句，如包含选项信息则细看

　　used to do 过去常常做某事

　　答案：D

　　做这类问题先读选项，译成汉语，读每段首尾句找包含选项信息

　　3. Why do some parents make their children practise sports or music even when they are very young？

　　A. To fill up the timetable for their spare time.

　　B. To find them a way into best universities.

　　C. To help them do well in school.

　　D. To show a kind of social status.

　　答案：B

　　细节定位题

　　4. “It” in “It used to be a house or car” refer to ______.

　　A. a busy family timetable

　　B. the thing that shows your status

　　C. the warm-up

　　D. outside activity

　　答案：B

　　5. What might the writer suggest parents should do for children？

　　A. Get them into various activities.

　　B. Build up a close family tie for them.

　　C. Prepare them for school as early as possible.

　　D. Help them understand honour and responsibility.

　　答案：B

　　如果关键词不明确，就读每一段首句，找到于问题接近的段落细读

　　sign up for sth. 参加俱乐部（课程等）

　　eg. sign up for a secretarial course 注册参加秘书课程

　　两种解决阅读理解问题的方法：

　　1、问下面哪个答案正确或错误的方法：先读选项，再读每段的首尾句， 如包含选项中的词则细读；

　　2、关键词不明确的题目的方法：先把问题读清楚，再读每段的首尾句， 如有意思相近的词则细读；

　　Passage 13

　　Benjamin Franklin was born in 1706 in Boston， Massachusetts. His mother and father were of Puritan（清教徒）religion. They left England and moved to the English colony of Massachusetts in order to escape persecution（迫害）for their religion. In Boston， Franklin left school when he was ten years old and worked for his father for two years. In Boston， Franklin left school when he was ten years old and worked for his father for two years. Then he went to work on his brother's newspaper. He became the editor of this paper when he was sixteen. Because he wanted to be independent， he went to Philadelphia. There he bought his own newspaper. He worked hard and saved his money. And by the age of 24 he was one of the most successful men in Philadelphia.

　　In 1732 Franklin published a book “POOR RICHARD'S ALMANAC（年历）”。 Most almanacs contained information for farmers， such as information about the days and weeks of the year and about the weather. To his almanac， Franklin added wise sayings， his observations about life. Some of these sayings are still famous today. For example， “Early to bed， early to rise makes a man healthy， wealthy and wise”， and “Waste not， want not，” and “A penny saved is a penny earned.”

　　文章题材：人物传记

　　特点：多次出现人物的姓名、地点、年代

　　1. Benjamin Franklin was of ______.

　　A. English origin

　　B. American origin

　　C. French origin

　　D. not mentioned

　　2. His parents moved to Massachusetts because ______.

　　A. they wanted to make a fortune

　　B. they wanted to meet their relatives there

　　C. they were persecuted（迫害）in England

　　D. they wanted to have a visit there

　　fortune 发财

　　答案：C

　　3. At the age of 11， he worked for ______.

　　A. his brother

　　B. his father

　　C. himself

　　D. someone else

　　答案：B

　　4. He moved to Philadelphia because ______.

　　A. his brother didn't like him

　　B. he wanted to be dependent

　　C. he became the editor of the paper

　　D. he wanted to live on himself

　　live on oneself ＝independent

　　答案：D

　　5. Franklin's almanacs contained ______.

　　A. information for farmers

　　B. wise sayings

　　C. poor Richard's ideas

　　D. both A and B

　　选项包含Both要特别注意

　　答案：D

　　大部分阅读理解是细节方面的问题，要注意细节定位，先看问题中的关键

　　词，再按顺序找句中关键词首先出现的地方

　　下次课内容：passage 14 passage 15 passage 16

　　先看问题，画出相对应的关键句子，作出答案，检验自己的做题能力